construction process of a typical building

Before flooring, the ground has to be properly compacted and leveled.

Flooring can be done by a variety of materials like tiles, granites, marbles, concrete, etc. The floor is the surface laid on the plinth level. Openings are provided in the walls for ventilation and access to the building. Walls provide an enclosure and protect against wind, sunshine, rain etc. It can be made from stones, bricks, concrete blocks, etc. Walls are vertical elements which support the roof. Damp Proof Course(DPC)ĭPC is a layer of waterproofing material applied on the basement level to prevent the rise of surface water into the walls. Architectural columns are constructed to improve the building's aesthetics while a structural column takes the load coming from the slab above and transfers safely to the foundation. Columns can be of two types: Architectural columns and structural columns. Read More: 21 Types of Beams in ConstructionĬolumns are vertical members constructed above the ground level. Beams and slabs are constructed by reinforced cement concrete (R.C.C). In case of a multi-storey building, the beam transfers the load coming from the floor above the slab which is in turn transferred to the columns. For a single storey building, the top slab forms the roof. Beams and slabsīeams and slabs form the horizontal members in a building. In residential buildings, lintels can be either constructed from concrete or from bricks. Normally, lintels are constructed by reinforced cement concrete. These structures support the weight of the wall coming over the opening. Lintels are constructed above the wall openings like doors, windows, etc. It acts as a safety wall for people using the roof. Parapets are short walls extended above the roof slab. Roofs can be either flat or sloped based on the location and weather conditions of the area. The roof forms the topmost component of a building structure.

Construction process of a typical building